The correct answer is option 1 - Aorta. The aorta is the largest artery in the human body. It originates from the left ventricle of the heart and carries oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body except the lungs.

Option 2 - Capillary is incorrect. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in the body and connect the arterioles and venules. They are responsible for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and the surrounding tissues.

Option 3 - Vena cava is incorrect. The vena cava is not an artery but a large vein. There are two types of vena cava, the superior vena cava, and the inferior vena cava. They carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart from the body tissues.

Option 4 - Pulmonary vein is incorrect. Pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart. They are not arteries, but veins.

Therefore, the correct answer is the aorta.