The correct answer is option 2: monocarpic. Monocarpic plants are those that flower only once in their lifetime and then die. This is in contrast to polycarpic plants, which can flower multiple times throughout their lifespan. Monocarpic plants typically have a long period of vegetative growth before producing flowers and seeds. Once they have completed their reproductive cycle, they senesce and die. Monocarpic plants often invest a significant amount of energy into producing a large number of flowers and seeds during their single flowering event. This reproductive strategy allows them to maximize their chances of successful reproduction before the end of their life cycle.