The "Ulgulan" or "The Great Tumult" is associated with Birsa Munda`s revolt of 1899-1900. Birsa Munda was a tribal leader who led a widespread revolt against the British Raj in the present-day state of Jharkhand. The revolt was mainly against the oppressive policies of the British administration, which included forced labor, land alienation, and religious conversions. The tribal population in the region, which was already reeling under the effects of drought and famine, was subjected to further exploitation, which led to their disenchantment with the British administration.