Option 1: Both the statements are individually true and statement II is the correct explanation of statement I.

This option suggests that both statements are true and that statement II is the correct explanation of statement I. However, this is not the case. While it is true that both statements are individually true, statement II is not an explanation of statement I. Statement I discusses the major changes that the social institutions of caste underwent during the colonial period. It does not mention anything about the contemporary society or the influence of ancient Indian tradition. Therefore, option 1 is incorrect.

Option 2: Both the statements are individually true but statement II is not the correct explanation of statement I.

This option correctly states that both statements are true. Statement I mentions the major changes that occurred to the social institutions of caste in the colonial period. Statement II, on the other hand, suggests that caste in contemporary society is more a product of ancient Indian tradition than of colonialism. While this statement may have some truth to it, it does not directly explain the changes that occurred during the colonial period. Therefore, option 2 is the correct answer.

Option 3: Statement I is true but statement II is false.

Option 4: Statement I is false but statement II is true.

Both options