The correct answer is option 1, Goa. Goa is a state in western India that was colonized by the Portuguese from 1510 to 1961. This long period of colonization has deeply influenced the culture of Goa, making it a significant stronghold of Portuguese heritage in India. The traces of Portuguese culture in Goa can be found in various aspects such as architecture, cuisine, religion, and language. The famous Portuguese colonial architecture can be seen in the beautiful churches and old houses of Goa. Goan cuisine is a fusion of Indian and Portuguese flavors, with dishes like vindaloo and bebinca being popular examples. The Christian population in Goa follows Roman Catholicism, the religion brought by the Portuguese. Lastly, Portuguese words and phrases are still used in the local language, Konkani.