The system of Dyarchy was introduced in India through the Government of India Act, 1919, also known as the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms. This Act established a dual form of government, where the responsibility for governing India was divided between the British Government and Indian ministers.

Under the system of Dyarchy, certain subjects such as finance, law and order, and education were divided into two parts: reserved and transferred. The reserved subjects were under the exclusive control of the Governor-General and his Executive Council, which consisted of British officials. The transferred subjects were administered by Indian ministers responsible to the Indian Legislative Council.

However, the system of Dyarchy was never very successful, as it left many important matters under the control of the British authorities, who were not accountable to the Indian people. It was also criticized for creating a confusing division of responsibility, which hindered effective governance. As a result, the Government of India Act, 1935 abolished the system of Dyarchy and introduced provincial autonomy in India.