Option 1 states that an electromagnetic wave transports energy and momentum, which is true. Electromagnetic waves consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, and these fields carry energy and momentum as they propagate through space. This energy and momentum can be transferred to objects that interact with the wave.

Option 2 states that an electromagnetic wave can be polarized and reflected, which is also true. Polarization refers to the orientation of the electric field in the wave, and electromagnetic waves can be polarized in various ways. Reflection occurs when an electromagnetic wave encounters a boundary and bounces back.

Option 3, which is the correct answer, states that an electromagnetic wave is longitudinal. This statement is incorrect. A longitudinal wave is one in which the particles of the medium through which the wave is propagating move parallel to the direction of the wave. However, electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature, meaning that the oscillations of the electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.

Option 4 states that electromagnetic wave propagation is described by the varying electric and magnetic fields. This is also true. Electromagnetic waves are characterized by the oscillating electric and magnetic fields that vary in amplitude and direction as the wave propagates. These fields are fundamental in understanding the behavior and