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Q32 (CDS-II/2026) Geography › World Physical Geography

Which of the following statements related to the stages of evolution of the present atmosphere are correct ?
1. The first stage is marked by the loss of primordial atmosphere
2. In the second stage, the hot interior of the earth contributed to the evolution of the atmosphere
3. Finally, the composition of the atmosphere was modified by the living world through the process of photosynthesis
Select the answer using the code given below :

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D

Explanation

The evolution of the Earth's atmosphere occurred in three distinct stages:

  • Stage 1: The early primordial atmosphere, consisting mainly of hydrogen and helium, was stripped away due to the impact of solar winds. This was most pronounced on the terrestrial planets.
  • Stage 2: As the Earth cooled, gases and water vapor were released from the interior through a process called degassing. This stage contributed water vapor, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, and ammonia, but very little free oxygen.
  • Stage 3: The composition was eventually modified by living organisms. Through photosynthesis, life forms (initially in the oceans) consumed carbon dioxide and released oxygen. Over time, oxygen flooded the atmosphere once the oceans were saturated.

Since all three statements accurately describe these stages, the correct answer is 1, 2, and 3.

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