The Central Highlands of the Indian peninsula are primarily composed of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten magma, while metamorphic rocks are formed from the transformation of existing rocks under high heat and pressure. These types of rocks are commonly found in areas of tectonic activity, such as the Central Highlands.

Option 1, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, is not correct because although metamorphic rocks are present in the Central Highlands, sedimentary rocks are not the main component.

Option 2, igneous and sedimentary rocks, is not correct because sedimentary rocks are not the main component in the formation of the Central Highlands.

Option 4, sedimentary rocks, is not correct because sedimentary rocks are not the primary rocks found in the Central Highlands.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3, igneous and metamorphic rocks.