The correct answer is option 3: Latex. Chewing gum is made from latex, which is a natural substance that is obtained from the sap of certain trees, such as the rubber tree. Latex is collected by making incisions in the tree bark, and the sap that oozes out is then processed to remove impurities and create a solid form. This solidified latex is then mixed with flavorings, sweeteners, and other ingredients to create chewing gum. Resin and tannin, mentioned in options 1 and 2, are also natural substances, but they are not typically used in the production of chewing gum. Similarly, "gum" mentioned in option 4 is too broad of a term and does not specify the exact material used in making chewing gum.