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Q114 (CDS-I/2008) History & Culture › Heritage & Misc Culture › National symbols and calendar Answer Verified

Consider the following statements 1. At the time of independence, the Government of India followed the calendar based on Saka era. 2. The National Calendar commenced on Chaitra I Saka, 1879 corresponding to March 22, 1957 AD. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: B
Explanation

Statement 1 is incorrect because at the time of independence in 1947, the Government of India followed the Gregorian calendar based on the Christian era [t6]. Due to the multiplicity of regional calendars causing administrative confusion, the Calendar Reform Committee was established in 1952 under Dr. Meghnad Saha to recommend a uniform system [t3][t5]. Statement 2 is correct as the National Calendar, based on the Saka Era, was officially adopted on March 22, 1957 AD, which corresponded to Chaitra 1, 1879 Saka [t1][t2][t5]. The Saka era is 78 years behind the Gregorian calendar [c3]. In this system, Chaitra is the first month, and a normal year consists of 365 days, with the new year beginning on March 22 (or March 21 in leap years) [c2][t6].

Sources

  1. [1] https://knowindia.india.gov.in/national-identity-elements/national-calendar.php
  2. [2] Exploring Society:India and Beyond ,Social Science-Class VII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 6: The Age of Reorganisation > LET'S EXPLORE > p. 135
  3. [3] Science ,Class VIII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 11: Keeping Time with the Skies > Fig. 11.9: Indian National Calendar > p. 182
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