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Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Option 1 states that both statements A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Statement A asserts that Sultan Muhammad-bin-Tughluq issued copper coins and declared them as legal tender. This refers to the practice of using copper coins as currency during Sultan Muhammad-bin-Tughluq`s reign.
Statement R provides a reason for why Sultan Muhammad-bin-Tughluq issued copper coins. It states that his treasury was empty due to his short-sighted projects. This implies that the Sultan resorted to issuing copper coins as a means to address the financial constraints caused by his ill-conceived endeavors.
Therefore, statement R does provide a correct explanation for why Sultan Muhammad-bin-Tughluq issued copper coins as legal tender. Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.