The correct answer is option 1, which states that statements 1 and 2 are correct.
Statement 1 is correct because copper is a better conductor of electricity than iron. This means that it can carry electrical current more efficiently, making it more suitable for use in lightning conductors.
Statement 2 is correct because copper is not easily oxidized under atmospheric conditions. Oxidation refers to the process of a material reacting with oxygen in the air to form an oxide layer on its surface. Copper has a natural resistance to oxidation, which makes it more durable and longer-lasting when used as a lightning conductor.
Statement 3 is incorrect. While copper is cheaper and more readily available compared to iron in some cases, the cost and availability of these metals can vary depending on factors such as location and market conditions. Therefore, it cannot be stated definitively that copper is always cheaper and easily available compared to iron.
Statement 4 is not considered in the correct answer, as it is not relevant to why copper rods are preferred over iron rods for making lightning conductors.
In conclusion, copper rods are generally preferred to iron rods for making lightning conductors because copper is a better conductor of electricity than iron and is not easily oxidized under atmospheric conditions.