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Non-financial debt, in the context of the Indian economy, includes all types of debt that are not financial investments.
Option 1, "Housing loans owed by households," is a type of non-financial debt because it`s a personal liability - money that individuals owe to banks or other lenders, not an investment.
Option 2, "Amounts outstanding on credit cards," can also be classified as non-financial debt. Like home loans, credit card debts are obligations owed by consumers - they represent money that individuals have used for purchases and not yet repaid.
Option 3, "Treasury bills" - these are short-term debt securities issued by the government. They can also be included under non-financial debts as they are obligations of the government and not financial instruments held by investors.
Thus, all three components fall under non-financial debt, hence the correct answer is option 4 - "1, 2 and 3".