Damage to the apical meristem of a growing young plant will affect the

Apical meristems are specialized regions of actively dividing cells located at the tips of roots and shoots [3]. These meristems are primarily responsible for primary growth, which is the process that increases the length of the plant [2]. In the shoot tip, the apical meristem synthesizes hormones like auxin, which stimulate cell elongation and help the plant grow taller [2]. Because the apical meristem is the site of new cell production and elongation at the plant's apex, any damage to this region directly impairs the plant's ability to extend its stems and roots [1]. Consequently, the overall length and height of the plant are the most significantly affected parameters. Other characteristics like flower color, leaf color, or fruit taste are governed by genetics, reproductive structures, and environmental factors rather than primary apical growth [4].

Sources

1. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_growth
2. [3] https://www.britannica.com/science/apical-meristem
3. [2] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Control and Coordination > Activity 6.2 > p. 108
4. [4] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 25: Agriculture > z,1,z.g. Classification based on length of photoperiod required for floral initiation > p. 355