If the drinking water supply pipeline is damaged and contaminated with domestic sewerage, the most likely disease to occur after drinking such water is typhoid (option 2).

Typhoid is caused by the Salmonella typhi bacteria, which is commonly found in human feces and contaminated food or water. When the drinking water supply pipeline is damaged and contaminated with domestic sewerage, it creates an opportunity for the bacteria to enter the water supply.

Measles (option 1) is a highly contagious viral infection that spreads through respiratory droplets and has no direct connection to contaminated water.

Tuberculosis (option 3) is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs and is spread through droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It is not directly related to water contamination.

Diphtheria (option 4) is a bacterial infection that affects the throat and can spread through respiratory droplets. It is also not directly related to water contamination.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 2, Typhoid, as it is the disease most likely to occur after drinking water contaminated with domestic sewerage.