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The question is asking you to match periods in India`s history with phases of population growth.
Option 1 suggests that between 1901-21 there was stagnant growth (A-3), between 1921-51 there was steady growth (B-1), between 1951-81 there was high growth with definite signs of slowdown (C-4), and between 1981-2001 there was rapid high growth (D-2).
Option 2 indicates that between 1901-21 there was steady growth (A-1), between 1921-51 stagnant growth occurred (B-3), from 1951-81 there was rapid high growth (C-2), and from 1981-2001 high growth with definite signs of slowdown took place (D-4).
Option 3, which is the correct answer, suggests that between 1901-21 stagnant growth (A-3) occurred, between 1921-51 there was steady growth (B-1), from 1951-81 there was rapid high growth (C-2), and from 1981-2001 high growth with definite signs of slowdown took place (D-4).
Option 4 suggests that between 1901