The Indian Constitution has divided the powers and functions of the state into three lists. These lists are known as the Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.

The Union List includes subjects on which only the central government has the authority to make laws, such as defense, foreign affairs, and banking.

The State List consists of subjects on which only the state governments have the power to make laws, such as police, public health, and agriculture.

The Concurrent List contains subjects on which both the central and state governments can make laws, such as criminal law, bankruptcy and insolvency, and marriage and divorce.

By dividing the powers and functions into these three lists, the Indian Constitution ensures a distribution of power between the central and state governments, allowing them to function independently within their respective spheres of influence.