The Khilafat Movement was connected with option 1, Turkey. The movement aimed at preserving the caliphate, which was the Islamic political system headed by the caliph, from being dismantled by the British after the end of World War I. The Ottoman Empire, which included modern-day Turkey, was the seat of the caliphate. During the movement, Indian Muslims rallied together to support the cause of the Ottoman Empire and protested against the British government`s decision to abolish the caliphate. They believed that the removal of the caliphate would undermine the political and religious rights of Muslims worldwide. The movement was led by prominent Muslim leaders such as the Ali Brothers and Maulana Abul Kalam Azad. Although the movement did not successfully achieve its goals, it played a significant role in mobilizing Indian Muslims and shaping the early nationalism in India.