When a liquid is kept in a cylindrical vessel, the pressure exerted by the liquid depends on two factors: the height of the liquid column and the area of the cross-section of the vessel`s bottom.

In the given scenario, the vessel is replaced by another cylindrical vessel with half the area of the cross-section of the previous vessel`s bottom.

Let`s consider the effects of this change on the pressure.

Option 1: If the pressure remains unaffected, it would imply that the area of the cross-section of the bottom does not affect the pressure. However, this is not correct as the pressure is directly proportional to the area of the cross-section of the bottom.

Option 2: If the pressure is reduced to half of the earlier pressure, it would mean that the area of the cross-section affects the pressure, but the effect is only halved. However, this is incorrect as the change in area will have a significant impact on the pressure.

Option 3: This is the correct answer. When the area of the cross-section of the bottom is halved, the pressure on the bottom will be increased to twice the earlier pressure. This is because, with a smaller area, the same amount of liquid in the vessel needs to exert double the pressure to balance the forces