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The correct answer is Option 2: Kanchenjunga.
Out of the four options provided, the Kanchenjunga Biosphere Reserve is not recognized on the World Network by UNESCO. Here`s a detailed reasoning explaining why:
1. Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve:
The Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve is located along the southeastern coast of Tamil Nadu and covers an area of about 10,500 square kilometers. It was designated as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO in 2001. The reserve is known for its rich marine biodiversity, including coral reefs, mangroves, and seagrass beds. It supports a diverse range of plant and animal species, some of which are endemic to the region.
2. Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve:
The Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve is situated in the state of Uttarakhand and encompasses the Nanda Devi National Park and the Valley of Flowers National Park. It was recognized by UNESCO as a biosphere reserve in 2004. The reserve is renowned for its stunning alpine meadows, glaciers, and high peaks, including Nanda Devi, which is one of the highest mountains in India. It harbors a wide array of flora and fauna, including rare and endangered species.
3. Sunderbans Biosphere Reserve:
The Sunderbans Biosphere Reserve is located in the Indian state of West Bengal and extends into Bangladesh. It was recognized as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO in 1989. This unique mangrove ecosystem is home to the iconic Royal Bengal tiger, making it the largest habitat for this species in the world. The Sunderbans also provides habitat for numerous other species, including estuarine crocodiles, Gangetic dolphins, and a variety of bird species.
4. Kanchenjunga Biosphere Reserve:
The Kanchenjunga Biosphere Reserve, also known as the Khangchendzonga National Park, is situated in the Indian state of Sikkim. While it is an important protected area and has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2016, it has not been recognized as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO. The region is famous for its breathtaking landscapes, pristine alpine forests, and the majestic Mount Khangchendzonga, which is the third highest peak in the world. It supports a wide range of plant and animal species, including the elusive snow leopard.
In summary, while the Gulf of Mannar, Nanda Devi, and Sunderbans Biosphere Reserves have been recognized on the World Network by UNESCO, the Kanchenjunga Biosphere Reserve has not received this recognition.