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The permanent wind that blows from the horse latitude to the equatorial region is known as the trade wind.
Option 1: Westerly winds are winds that blow from west to east, so this option is not correct in this context.
Option 2: The trade winds are consistent winds that blow from the horse latitudes towards the equator. They are called trade winds because they were historically used by trade ships to navigate various routes. This option is correct.
Option 3: The doldrums are a region near the equator where the trade winds from the northern and southern hemispheres converge. The doldrums are characterized by light and variable winds, so this option is not correct in this context.
Option 4: Easterly winds are winds that blow from east to west, so this option is not correct in this context.
Therefore, the correct answer is option 2, trade wind.