The rapidly growing mass of phytoplankton covering the surface water of a lake or pond is known as :

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Q: (SSC/0)
The rapidly growing mass of phytoplankton covering the surface water of a lake or pond is known as :

question_subject: 

Geography

question_exam: 

SSC

stats: 

0,36,11,36,7,2,2

keywords: 

{'phytoplankton': [1, 0, 0, 1], 'water bloom': [1, 0, 0, 0], 'pond': [1, 0, 0, 1], 'lake': [1, 0, 0, 1], 'water pollution': [2, 2, 0, 0], 'eutrophication': [1, 0, 1, 0], 'surface water': [2, 0, 0, 1], 'water hyacinth': [2, 0, 0, 0], 'mass': [0, 0, 2, 3]}

The correct answer is option 1, Eutrophication. Eutrophication refers to the excessive growth of phytoplankton in a body of water, often caused by an increase in nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. These nutrients can come from sources like agricultural runoff or wastewater discharge. When these nutrients enter the water, they act as a fertilizer, promoting the growth of algae and other aquatic plants. This rapid increase in phytoplankton can lead to a dense layer or "bloom" on the surface of the water, blocking sunlight and causing oxygen depletion. As a result, other aquatic organisms may suffer or die. Eutrophication is a form of water pollution, but it specifically refers to the process of excessive phytoplankton growth rather than the pollution itself.