With reference to Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary, Sultanpur National Park, Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary and Wadhwana Wetland, which of the following statements is/are correct ? 1. All of them are Ramsar sites. 2. All of them are naturally formed wetlands. 3. All of them are birding sites. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

All four sites—Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary, Sultanpur National Park, Thol Lake Wildlife Sanctuary, and Wadhwana Wetland—were designated as Ramsar sites in 2021, confirming statement 1 [2]. These sites are globally recognized as significant birding destinations; for instance, Sultanpur and Bhindawas are critical habitats for migratory and resident birds in Haryana, while Thol and Wadhwana in Gujarat are renowned for their avian diversity, supporting statement 3 [2]. However, statement 2 is incorrect because not all are naturally formed. Bhindawas is a human-made freshwater wetland, and Thol Lake was originally constructed as a tank for irrigation in 1912. Wadhwana was also created as an irrigation reservoir by Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III. Since they are largely man-made or heavily modified reservoirs, they do not qualify as entirely naturally formed wetlands.

Sources

1. [2] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 3: The Drainage System of India > Kolleru Lake > p. 30