Sher Shah Sur defeated Humayun. Humayun was the second Mughal emperor who ruled from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to 1556. Sher Shah Sur, also known as Sher Shah Suri, was a Pashtun leader who established the Sur dynasty in Northern India. He defeated Humayun in the Battle of Chausa in 1539 and the Battle of Kannauj in 1540, resulting in Humayun`s temporary exile from Delhi and the establishment of Sher Shah Sur as the ruler in his place. Humayun later regained power after Sher Shah`s death and the decline of his dynasty. Sher Shah Sur`s reign was known for his administrative reforms, including the construction of the Grand Trunk Road and the introduction of the currency system.