Statement I : The Permanent Zamindari Settlement of land created a new class of landlords. Statement II : I he new class of landlords became strong political allies of the British and were interested in the continuance of British dominion.

Statement I is true as the Permanent Settlement of 1793, introduced by Lord Cornwallis, transformed traditional tax collectors into a new class of hereditary landlords with proprietary rights over land [2]. These zamindars were recognized as owners of the land, provided they paid a fixed revenue to the government [2]. Statement II is also true and provides the correct explanation for the creation of this class. The British intentionally created this landed aristocracy to serve as a loyal political base [4]. By granting them secure property rights, the British ensured that the zamindars' own financial interests were tied to the stability of the colonial administration [3]. This new class acted as a buffer against local unrest and became strong political allies interested in the continuance of British dominion to protect their newly acquired status and wealth [4].

Sources

1. [1] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 17: Effects of British Rule > 17.2 Land Tenures: Permanent Settlement and Ryotwari Settlement > p. 266
2. [2] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 10: Land Reforms in India > 1. Zamindari System (Permanent Settlement) > p. 337
3. [4] https://nios.ac.in/media/documents/secsocscicour/english/lesson-07.pdf
4. [3] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 9: Agriculture > 1. Abolition of Intermediaries > p. 25