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Tank irrigation is commonly found in South-Central parts of India. What could be the reason ? 1. Insufficient shallow ground water 2. Rocky plateau with impervious surface depression 3. Undulating terrain helps in accumulation of rain water in depression or man-made tank Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Explanation
Tank irrigation is highly prevalent in South-Central India due to several geographical and geological factors. Firstly, the peninsular plateau consists of hard, non-porous, and impervious rocks that prevent water from percolating underground, making it easier to store surface water [1]. Secondly, the region's undulating terrain naturally creates depressions where rainwater can accumulate, or where earthen embankments can be built to form man-made tanks [1]. Thirdly, the hard rock structure and the nature of the crystalline basement in many parts of the Deccan Plateau result in insufficient shallow groundwater compared to the alluvial plains of North India, necessitating surface storage . Additionally, the seasonal nature of rainfall in the southern region makes these reservoirs essential for maintaining a steady water supply for irrigation during dry periods . Consequently, states like Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu lead in tank irrigation [2].
Sources
- [1] Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 11: Agriculture - Part II > Sources of Irrigation > p. 332
- [2] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 9: Agriculture > Rajasthan, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, and Haryana. > p. 40