The correct answer is option 4: The Age of Reason, Enlightenment, and Discoveries. The term Renaissance refers to a period in European history that occurred from the 14th to the 17th centuries. It was characterized by a renewed interest in the arts, sciences, and learning. This period marked a transition from the medieval period to the modern era. The Renaissance was a time of significant advancements in various fields, including art, architecture, literature, philosophy, and science. Scholars and artists during this time began to focus on humanism, individualism, and the pursuit of knowledge. This period is often referred to as the Age of Reason due to the emphasis on rational thinking and the exploration of new ideas. The term Enlightenment is used to describe the intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred during the Renaissance, which emphasized reason, logic, and scientific inquiry. Overall, the Renaissance was marked by a spirit of curiosity, innovation, and intellectual growth.