The correct answer is option 3: Sun and Moon on the Earth. Tides are caused by the gravitational pull exerted on Earth by both the Sun and the Moon. Although the Moon is much closer to Earth and has a greater impact on tides, the Sun also plays a role. The gravitational attraction between the Sun and the Earth causes a bulge in the tidal waters, while the gravitational attraction between the Moon and the Earth creates a separate bulge. These bulges correspond to high tides. The areas between the bulges experience low tides. The combined gravitational pull of the Sun and the Moon on Earth creates a rhythmic rise and fall of tidal waters. It is important to note that the gravitational pull of the Earth on the Moon or Sun does not directly cause tides.