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The Treaty of Bassein (1802) was signed between
Explanation
The Treaty of Bassein (1802) was signed on December 31, 1802, between Peshwa Baji Rao II and the British East India Company [t1][t4]. Following the death of Nana Fadnavis in 1800, the Maratha confederacy was weakened by internal power struggles between Jaswant Rao Holkar and Daulat Rao Sindhia [t4][t8]. After Holkar defeated the combined forces of the Peshwa and Sindhia at the Battle of Poona in October 1802, Baji Rao II fled to Bassein (Vasai) and sought British protection [t4][t6]. Under the terms of this pact, the Peshwa accepted a Subsidiary Alliance, agreeing to maintain a British subsidiary force and ceding territory for its upkeep [c3][t4]. This treaty effectively made the Peshwa a 'cipher' or 'stooge' of the British, wounding the pride of other Maratha chiefs and directly leading to the Second Anglo-Maratha War [c3][c5][t3].
Sources
- [1] https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Bassein
- [2] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 15: The Marathas > Anglo-Maratha War (b) The Second Anglo-Maratha War (1803-1806) > p. 234
- [3] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 5: Expansion and Consolidation of British Power in India > Background > p. 106