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The upper crust of the earth consists mostly of silicates. The acidic rocks containing a larger proportion of silica do not include I.Dolerite II. Granite III.Basalt. IV.Quartz,
Explanation
Acidic rocks, also known as felsic rocks, are characterized by a high silica content (typically above 65%) and include minerals like quartz and feldspar [c1][t3]. Granite is a classic example of an acidic/felsic rock [c1][t8]. Quartz is a primary mineral constituent of these rocks [c1][t7]. In contrast, basic or mafic rocks have lower silica content (45-55%) and are rich in iron and magnesium [t1][t8]. Basalt is a typical basic/mafic rock [c4][t3]. Dolerite (also known as diabase) is the medium-grained equivalent of basalt and is also classified as a mafic/basic rock [t3][t4]. Therefore, Dolerite (I) and Basalt (III) are not acidic rocks as they contain a lower proportion of silica compared to granite and quartz. Consequently, the acidic rocks do not include I and III.
Sources
- [1] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 13: Types of Rocks & Rock Cycle > Acid Rocks > p. 170
- [2] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 2: The Earth's Crust > The Structure of the Earth > p. 17
- [3] https://www.nps.gov/subjects/geology/igneous.htm
- [4] https://www.britannica.com/science/felsic-rock