Vinegar is a common household substance that is widely used in cooking, cleaning, and various other applications. It is known for its sour taste and distinct aroma. Vinegar is primarily made up of acetic acid, which gives it its characteristic properties.

Option 1: Ethanoic acid is the correct answer. Ethanoic acid is another name for acetic acid, which is the main component of vinegar. This acid is formed through the fermentation process of ethanol by acetic acid bacteria.

Option 2: Nitric acid is incorrect. Nitric acid is a strong acid that is commonly used in laboratories and industrial applications. It has completely different properties and uses compared to vinegar.

Option 3: Sulphuric acid is incorrect. Sulphuric acid is a powerful and highly corrosive acid used in various industrial processes. It is not related to vinegar in any way.

Option 4: Tartaric acid is incorrect. Tartaric acid is a naturally occurring acid found in many fruits, particularly grapes. While it is used in food and beverage production, it is not synonymous with vinegar.

In conclusion, the correct answer is option 1, ethanoic acid, as it is an alternate name for acetic acid, the primary component of vinegar