The correct answer is option 1, Latitudes. Latitudes are imaginary lines that run parallel to the equator, encircling the Earth horizontally. They are measured in degrees and are used to determine location and to create a grid system for mapping the Earth`s surface. The equator is the starting point for measuring latitude, with lines of latitude extending north and south of it. The latitude lines above the equator are called north latitudes, while those below the equator are called south latitudes. The latitudes are divided into smaller units such as degrees, minutes, and seconds to provide more precise measurements of location. It is important to note that longitudes (option 2) are the imaginary lines that run vertically, from the North Pole to the South Pole, and are used to determine east-west position on the Earth.