An endoscope is an optical instrument used to visualize and examine the inside of the alimentary canal, which includes the esophagus, stomach, intestines, and other parts of the digestive system. It is a long, flexible tube with a light and a camera attached to one end, allowing doctors to see and monitor any issues or abnormalities in the digestive system. The endoscope can be inserted through natural openings such as the mouth or anus, or through small incisions made during minimally invasive surgeries. It is commonly used for diagnostic purposes to identify conditions like ulcers, tumors, and inflammation in the digestive tract. The endoscope can also be used for therapeutic procedures like removing polyps, performing biopsies, and treating bleeding in the digestive system.