Which of the following are characteristics shown by a breast-fed baby when compared to a bottle-fed baby ? I. It is less obese. II. It shows greater capacity, to resist diseases. III. It gets more vitamins an proteins. IV. Its growth in height is abnormal. Select the correct answer from the codes given below.

Breastfed infants tend to gain less weight and are generally leaner than formula-fed infants by about 12 months, indicating lower risk of early obesity (I) [1]. Breastfeeding transfers maternal antibodies and supports the infant’s developing immune system, reducing risk of common infectious diseases and improving disease resistance (II) [2]. Human milk supplies high-quality proteins and many essential vitamins and minerals in forms well adapted to the infant’s digestive system, so breastfed babies receive appropriate proteins and vitamins (III) [3]. Studies report no consistent adverse difference in linear (height) growth between breast- and formula-fed infants, so abnormal height growth (IV) is not a characteristic of breastfeeding [1].

Sources

1. [1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9691152/
2. [2] https://www.emro.who.int/nutrition/breastfeeding/
3. [3] https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/breast-bottle-feeding.html