The sociological approach considers the state as primarily a social organism. This approach focuses on studying the state as a complex social institution that is formed and shaped by various social factors. It examines how the state interacts with different social groups, institutions, and structures, and how it influences and is influenced by social norms, values, and processes.

The historical approach, on the other hand, focuses on studying the state through its historical development and evolution over time. It analyzes the political, economic, and social factors that have shaped the state throughout history.

The economic approach examines the state primarily from an economic perspective, focusing on how the state influences and is influenced by economic activities, policies, and systems.

The psychological approach looks at the state through the lens of individual and collective psychology, studying how the thoughts, beliefs, and behaviors of individuals and groups impact the state and vice versa.

In summary, while all approaches provide valuable insights into understanding the state, the sociological approach specifically emphasizes the state as a social organism.