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Q65 (NDA-I/2022) Polity & Governance › Constitutional Basics & Evolution › Comparative constitutions Answer Verified

Which of the following is/are the right/ rights mentioned in the ‘American Declaration of Independence’ ? 1. Life 2. Liberty 3. Pursuit of Happiness 4. Fraternity Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: C
Explanation

The American Declaration of Independence, drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted on July 4, 1776, explicitly mentions three 'unalienable rights' endowed by the Creator: Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness [3]. The preamble states that 'all men are created equal' and that governments are instituted to secure these specific rights [3]. While the American Bill of Rights (the first ten amendments to the Constitution) later protected life, liberty, and property, the 1776 Declaration specifically used the phrase 'pursuit of Happiness' [3]. In contrast, the ideal of 'Fraternity' is famously associated with the French Revolution's slogan 'Liberté, égalité, fraternité' [4]. The Indian Preamble adopted 'Fraternity' from the French model rather than the American Declaration [4]. Therefore, only statements 1, 2, and 3 are correct.

Sources

  1. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life,_Liberty_and_the_pursuit_of_Happiness
  2. [2] https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/declaration
  3. [3] https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/document/guides/M-654.pdf
  4. [4] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 5: Preamble of the Constitution > III Liberty > p. 45
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