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Q52 (CAPF/2018) Environment & Ecology › Biodiversity & Protected Areas › Biodiversity hotspots Answer Verified

Which of the following statements about biodiversity hot spots is/are correct? 1. Biodiversity hot spots are identified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). 2. Biodiversity hot spots are defined according to their vegetation. 3. In India, Eastern Ghats and Western Himalaya are the biodiversity hot spots. Select the correct answer using the code given below,

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: A
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 1 (1 and 2 only). This is based on the foundational criteria and institutional recognition of biodiversity hotspots.

  • Statement 1: While the concept was pioneered by Norman Myers, the IUCN, in collaboration with organizations like Conservation International, plays a primary role in identifying, monitoring, and validating these regions globally to prioritize conservation efforts.
  • Statement 2: Hotspots are strictly defined by their vegetation (specifically vascular plants). To qualify, a region must contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics (0.5% of the world’s total). Vegetation serves as the primary proxy for overall ecosystem health and diversity.
  • Statement 3: This statement is incorrect. In India, the recognized hotspots are the Western Ghats (not Eastern) and the Eastern Himalayas (not Western), along with the Indo-Burma region and Sundaland.

Thus, since statements 1 and 2 are scientifically and institutionally accurate, Option 1 is the most appropriate choice.

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