The correct option is 1 only, which means that only statement 1 is correct. Let`s analyze each option to understand the reasoning:
Option 1: "1 only" - This means that statement 1 is correct. The Ryotwari system involved the government directly collecting revenue from individual cultivators. This system was implemented during British rule in India.
Option 2: "2 only" - This means that statement 2 is correct. However, statement 2 is incorrect. In the Ryotwari system, cultivators were recognized in law as the owners of the land. They had individual rights and responsibilities over the land they cultivated.
Option 3: "Both 1 and 2" - This option is incorrect because only statement 1 is correct. As mentioned earlier, statement 2 is incorrect.
Option 4: "Neither 1 nor 2" - This option is incorrect because statement 1 is correct. The government did collect revenue directly from individual cultivators in the Ryotwari system. However, statement 2 is incorrect, as cultivators were recognized as landowners under this system.
In conclusion, the correct option is 1 only, as statement 1 accurately describes the Ryotwari system.