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Q118 (CDS-I/2018) History & Culture › National Movement (1857–1947) › Social reform movements Answer Verified

Which of the following statements about Sir Syed Ahmad Khan is/are correct? 1. He argued that India was a federation of ethnic communities based on common descent. 2. His philosophy was very similar to that of the Indian National Congress. 3. He imagined India as a Nation State based on individual citizen’s rights. 4. The curriculum at the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College blended Muslim theology and European empiricism. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

Sir Syed Ahmad Khan's political and educational philosophy was distinct from the Indian National Congress (INC). He argued that India was a federation of ethnic communities based on common descent rather than a nation-state of individual citizens [3]. He believed cultural heterogeneity would hinder democratic processes and thus opposed the INC's territorial nationalism and demands for representative government, fearing it would lead to Hindu majority rule [4]. Consequently, he exhorted Muslims to stay away from the Congress [1]. Regarding education, he founded the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College in 1875 to modernize Muslim society [4]. The curriculum was a deliberate blend, aiming to provide students with both Islamic education (theology) and Western scientific knowledge (European empiricism) [4]. He advocated for a reinterpretation of the Quran in the light of reason to align with modern trends [2].

Sources

  1. [3] https://sajaipuriacollege.ac.in/pdf/pol-sc/v5i43-1.pdf
  2. [1] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 24: Post-War National Scenario > British Policy of Divide and Rule > p. 482
  3. [4] https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144521224.pdf
  4. [2] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 19: Towards Modernity > Aligarh Movement (1875) > p. 304
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