Which of the following statements are correct regarding Joint Session of the Houses of the Parliament in India? 1. It is an enabling provision, empowering the President to take steps for resolving deadlock between the two Houses. 2. It is not obligatory upon the President to summon the Houses to meet in a joint sitting. 3. It is being notified by the President. 4. It is frequently resorted to establish the supremacy of the Lok Sabha. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Under Article 108 of the Indian Constitution, the Joint Sitting is an enabling provision that empowers the President to resolve a legislative deadlock between the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha [4]. It is not obligatory; the President "may" summon the houses if specific conditions, such as a six-month delay or final disagreement, are met [3]. The President notifies the intention to summon the joint sitting via a message if the Houses are sitting or by public notification if they are not [1]. Once notified, the Houses cannot proceed further with the bill independently [2]. Statement 4 is incorrect because joint sittings are rare, having occurred only three times in history, and are not a frequent tool for establishing Lok Sabha supremacy [3]. Therefore, statements 1, 2, and 3 are correct.

Sources

1. [3] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 12: The Union Legislature > p. 253
2. [4] Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 33: State Legislature > LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURE COMPARED > p. 345
3. [1] Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > JOINT SITTING OF TWO HOUSES > p. 250
4. [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > JOINT SITTING OF TWO HOUSES > p. 250