Which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. The jet streams are high altitude easterly winds. 2. El Ni?s a warm ocean current. 3. El Ni?ppears along the Peru coast. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Statement 1 is incorrect because jet streams are primarily high-altitude westerlies, flowing from west to east in both hemispheres [1]. While a temporary Tropical Easterly Jet exists during the Indian summer monsoon, the general global jet streams (Polar and Subtropical) are westerly [1]. Statement 2 is correct as El Niño is defined as a warm ocean current that represents the warm phase of the Southern Oscillation [4]. Statement 3 is correct because this warming occurs along the coasts of Peru and Ecuador, typically appearing around December [5]. During El Niño, the normal cold Peruvian current is replaced by warm water, which suppresses the upwelling of cold deep ocean water and alters global weather patterns, including causing droughts in the western Pacific and heavy rains in South America [4].

Sources

1. [1] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 27: Jet streams > Upper Tropospheric Westerlies > p. 385
2. [2] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 4: Climate of India > EL-NINO AND THE INDIAN MONSOON > p. 9
3. [3] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 8: Natural Hazards and Disaster Management > el nino (southern oscillation) and indian Monsoon > p. 54
4. [4] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 29: El Nino, La Nina & El Nino Modoki > 29.2. El Nino > p. 413
5. [5] https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/enso/technical-discussion