Which of the following structures of a plant is responsible for transpiration?

Transpiration is defined as the loss of water in the form of vapor from the aerial parts of a plant, primarily through the leaves [1]. The specific structures responsible for this process are the stomata, which are tiny pores located on the surface of the leaves. These pores are regulated by specialized guard cells that control their opening and closing to balance gas exchange for photosynthesis with the prevention of excessive water loss [1]. While the xylem is the tissue responsible for the upward transport of water from the roots to the leaves, it is the evaporation at the leaf surface through the stomata that creates the necessary 'transpiration pull' or suction to drive this movement [1]. Roots are primarily involved in water absorption, and while some water can be lost through the bark (lenticular transpiration), the vast majority of transpiration occurs via the stomata [1].

Sources

1. [1] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Life Processes > Activity 5.8 > p. 95