Option 1: Migration, Reaction, Stabilization, and Nudation
Option 2: Migration, Stabilization, Reaction, and Nudation
Option 3: Nudation, Migration, Reaction, and Stabilization
Option 4: Reaction, Migration, Stabilization, and Nudation
The correct sequential phase in the successional development of a vegetation community in a habitat is provided by option 3: Nudation, Migration, Reaction, and Stabilization.
Nudation refers to the initial phase of succession where bare ground becomes available for colonization by plant species. This can occur after disturbances like fires, floods, or landslides.
Migration is the next phase, where plant species from adjacent habitats or seed banks disperse into the newly available space.
After migration, the reaction phase occurs. This involves the establishment of pioneer species, which are typically fast-growing and able to tolerate harsh conditions.
Finally, the stabilization phase takes place. During this phase, the pioneer species undergo succession, gradually being replaced by more competitive and shade-tolerant species. The vegetation community stabilizes and becomes more diverse and resilient over time.
Therefore, option 3 is the correct sequence of phases in the successional development of a vegetation community