The distribution of groundwater, which refers to the movement and availability of water underground, can be influenced by various factors. Among the options provided, option 4, distance from the sea, does not directly affect the distribution of groundwater.

Let`s examine the other options to understand their impact on groundwater distribution:

1. Amount of precipitation: This is an important factor as it determines the recharge of groundwater. Precipitation, such as rainfall or snowfall, replenishes the groundwater system by percolating through the soil and replenishing the water table.

2. Rate of evaporation: Although evaporation does not directly affect the distribution of groundwater, it is important in the water cycle. When water evaporates from surface water bodies like lakes or oceans, it forms clouds and eventually falls as precipitation, potentially replenishing the groundwater.

3. Ability of the ground surface to allow water to infiltrate into the groundwater system: This factor, often influenced by soil composition and vegetation cover, plays a significant role in the distribution of groundwater. If the ground surface allows water to infiltrate easily, it can recharge the groundwater system. In contrast, impermeable surfaces like concrete or clay can hinder the recharge process.

In summary, while options 1, 2, and 3 directly affect