The correct answer is option 1: Butter. Calorific value refers to the amount of energy (in the form of calories) that a foodstuff provides when consumed. Butter is a high-fat dairy product, and fat is known to be more calorie-dense than other nutrients like carbohydrates or proteins. Therefore, a food high in fat, like butter, will have a higher calorific value.

Let`s look at the other options to understand why they are not the correct answers:

Option 2: Apple - Apples are low in calories compared to butter. They have a high water content and are rich in dietary fiber, making them a healthy snack choice, but they are not calorie-dense like butter.

Option 3: Cheese - Like butter, cheese is a high-fat dairy product. However, butter has a higher fat content than cheese, which means it has a higher calorific value.

Option 4: Sugar - Sugar is a simple carbohydrate and is high in calories. However, it is not as calorie-dense as butter because it does not contain as much fat.

In conclusion, among the given options, butter has the highest calorific value.