The correct answer to the question "Which one of the following is not a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization?" is Option 3: Ukraine.

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is an international organization founded in 2001. It aims to promote cooperation in various fields, including politics, security, economy, and culture, among its member states. The SCO consists of eight full members, which are primarily located in Eurasia. Let`s examine each option to determine which one is not a member:

Option 1: Russia

Russia is indeed a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. It was one of the founding members and has been actively involved in the organization`s activities. Russia`s membership in the SCO is significant due to its geopolitical influence and its role in shaping the organization`s policies.

Option 2: Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan is also a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. It joined as one of the founding members and has played an active role in promoting regional cooperation within the organization. Kazakhstan`s strategic location and rich energy resources make it an important player within the SCO.

Option 3: Ukraine

Ukraine is not a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. While Ukraine shares borders with several SCO member states, such as Russia, Kazakhstan, and China, it is not part of the organization. Ukraine`s foreign policy orientation has been primarily focused on developing closer ties with Europe rather than the SCO.

Option 4: Uzbekistan

Uzbekistan is a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. It joined the SCO in 2001 as one of the original members. Uzbekistan`s membership in the organization has helped foster regional cooperation and economic integration among its neighbors. It has actively participated in various SCO initiatives and summits.

In summary, the correct answer is Option 3: Ukraine. While Russia, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan are all members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Ukraine is not a member. Ukraine`s foreign policy priorities have led it to pursue closer ties with Europe rather than the SCO, differentiating it from the other options.