The correct answer is option 4: X-rays and gamma rays.
To understand why this is the correct answer, let`s first understand what electromagnetic radiation is. Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy that is transmitted through space in the form of waves. It includes a wide range of wavelengths, from long radio waves to short gamma rays, and includes visible light, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.
Now let`s analyze each option:
Option 1: Beta rays and gamma rays. Beta rays are actually high-energy electrons or positrons, which are charged particles. Gamma rays, on the other hand, are a form of electromagnetic radiation. While gamma rays are electromagnetic, beta rays are not. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
Option 2: Cathode rays and X-rays. Cathode rays are also charged particles, specifically electrons, and are not electromagnetic in nature. X-rays, however, are a form of electromagnetic radiation. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
Option 3: Alpha rays and beta rays. Alpha rays are actually helium nuclei, which are charged particles, while beta rays are high-energy electrons or positrons. Neither of these rays are electromagnetic in nature. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
Option 4: X-rays and