Which one of the following is a programme that converts high level language to machine language ?

A compiler is a specialized system software that translates high-level language source code into machine language or object code in a single batch process. Unlike an interpreter, which executes code line-by-line, a compiler scans the entire program and generates an executable file that the processor can run directly. While both compilers and interpreters handle high-level languages, the compiler is the primary tool for full conversion to machine-readable binary. In contrast, an assembler is used specifically for low-level assembly language, and a linker combines various object files generated by the compiler into a final executable program. Although the provided snippets discuss biological 'compilation' and sequencing [c2], in computer science, the term strictly refers to the translation of human-readable code into the binary instructions understood by hardware.

Sources

1. [1] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 16: Conservation Efforts > r6.r7.t. Programs pf iBOL > p. 248