The correct answer is option 1: Punjab.
Western disturbances are a meteorological phenomenon that brings rainfall to certain regions of India during the winter months. These disturbances are caused by the interaction between the western winds and the Himalayan mountain range. As the western winds move towards the east, they encounter the mountains and are forced to rise. This upward movement of air leads to the formation of clouds and subsequent rain.
Punjab is located in the northern part of India and lies in close proximity to the Himalayas. This geographical position makes Punjab prone to receiving winter rainfall from western disturbances. The other options, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka Coast, are not in close proximity to the Himalayas and therefore do not experience significant winter rainfall caused by western disturbances.
It is important to note that while western disturbances are the primary source of winter rainfall in Punjab, other factors such as local weather patterns and monsoonal activity can also influence the amount and distribution of rainfall in the region.